Which condition could lead to a longer braking distance aside from speed?

A condition that could lead to a longer braking distance, aside from speed, is low air pressure. In an air brake system, adequate air pressure is crucial for the proper functioning of the brakes. Low air pressure can result in insufficient braking force being applied, which means that the train may not be able to stop as quickly or effectively as required. This could lead to a significant increase in braking distance, making it vital for operators to monitor and maintain appropriate air pressure levels in the braking system to ensure safety and efficiency during operation.

Cold weather, while it can affect brake performance, primarily does so by influencing the materials and mechanisms rather than directly causing longer braking distances. A light travel load would generally allow for shorter braking distances, and smooth tracks would aid in maintaining traction, thus reducing braking distance rather than increasing it.